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Cupressus macrocarpa 'Wilma Goldcrest'

Lemon Cypress 'Goldcrest Wilma'. Narrow columnar evergreen with bright yellow foliage. It can be grown in a container but be sure to water regularly.

Cedrus libani brevifolia B&B 6-7'

Small, slow-growing cultivar with blue-green foliage. Great for bonsai, containers, and rock gardens.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Blue Nantais'

A lovely cultivar of Port Orford Cedar with Bright blue feathery foliage and a columnar habit. Grows 2 to 3 inches a year.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Ellwood's Empire'

This ornamental conifer has a unique habit. Blue-green foliage forms a pillar of upright, flattened branches giving a very pleasing effect. Tidy, easy to prune & maintain, it can be used in borders, hedges or mixed planters.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Ellwood's Nymph'

An extremely compact shrub with dark blue-green foliage. Slow growing only about 1 inch per year. Grey foliage, soft textured form.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Ellwood's Nymph'

An extremely compact shrub with dark blue-green foliage. Slow growing only about 1 inch per year. Grey foliage, soft textured form.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Oregon Blue'

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Oregon Blue' is a beautiful blue-green, pyramidal conifer with upright branching. Tips of the branches sport a powder blue colour. Stunning year round colour!

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Oregon Blue'

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Oregon Blue' is a beautiful blue-green, pyramidal conifer with upright branching. Tips of the branches sport a powder blue colour. Stunning year round colour!

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Pygmaea Argentea'

A small globose shrub growing to approx 60cm. The foliage is bluish-green in colour but in spring and summer the entire shrub is covered with cream new growth.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Rimpelaar'

Rare, dwarf slow growing conifer. Beautiful blue-grey tiny needles. Great for rock gardens.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Wissel's Saguaro'

Dark green foliage on an upright narrow column. Some of the branches become broader and form almost arms like a saguro cactus.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis pendula

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis pendula

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis pendula

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis pendula

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula'

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis pendula B&B

Weeping Nootka Falsecypress has bluish-green foliage. The scale-like leaves do not develop any appreciable fall colour. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. The shaggy indian red bark adds interest.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 5-6ft B&B

It becomes a choice specimen for a small garden. Limbs like arms and fern-like foliage. Zone 5

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Aurea'

Handsome golden tipped evergreen foliage with a tall slender pyramidal habit. Useful as a specimen plant.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Aurea'

Handsome golden tipped evergreen foliage with a tall slender pyramidal habit. Useful as a specimen plant.

Chamaecyparis obtusa B&B 6-7ft

It becomes a choice specimen for a small garden. Limbs like arms and fern-like foliage. Zone 5

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Bess' B&B

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Bess' is an exceptionally slow-growing cultivar of Hinoki cypress. The plant is densely-branched with a narrow conical shape.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Butter Ball'

Bright, lemony yellow tips on tightly congested foliage. The vivid colour contrasts beautifully with its darker inner foliage. Round and slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Butter Ball'

Bright, lemony yellow tips on tightly congested foliage. The vivid colour contrasts beautifully with its darker inner foliage. Round and slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Butter Ball'

Bright, lemony yellow tips on tightly congested foliage. The vivid colour contrasts beautifully with its darker inner foliage. Round and slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Butter Ball'

Bright, lemony yellow tips on tightly congested foliage. The vivid colour contrasts beautifully with its darker inner foliage. Round and slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Chirimen'

Upright plant with tightly congested dark green foliage. Ascending branches appear irregularily along main stems. Slow growing. Perfect for rock gardens

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Chirimen'

Upright plant with tightly congested dark green foliage. Ascending branches appear irregularily along main stems. Slow growing. Perfect for rock gardens

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Chirimen' B&B

Upright plant with tightly congested dark green foliage. Ascending branches appear irregularily along main stems. Slow growing. Perfect for rock gardens

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Compacta' B&B

This selection is densely branched with a pyramidal form. rich dark green foliage and can have an with a narrow and sometimes irregular form.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Confucious'

Similar to Crispii but with a denser habit. Plants have a nice layered appearance with green foliage with gold tips. Excellent. Good cold tolerance. Compact habit.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Confucius'

Fans of newer foliage is bright lemon yellow, with softer shade of yellow and green on interior foliage. This is a reliable hinoki which stays smaller than straight Aurea. Great for smaller yards. Gr4ows 6-10 inches per year.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Dainty Doll'

Dense, shiny, dark green foliage in flattened sprays. An extremely dwarf hinoki suited for rock gardens or full sun foundation planting.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Ellie B.'

Boasting dense, dark green foliage, this miniature cypress takes on bronze hues in the winter, which are further accented by its cinnamon-brown stems.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Fernspray Gold'

Foliage & habit resembles the look of a fern. Rich gold with an attractive texture. Prune to maintain form. Loose pyramidal form.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Fernspray Gold'

Foliage & habit resembles the look of a fern. Rich gold with an attractive texture. Prune to maintain form. Loose pyramidal form.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Fernspray Gold'

Foliage & habit resembles the look of a fern. Rich gold with an attractive texture. Prune to maintain form. Loose pyramidal form.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Fernspray Gold'

Foliage & habit resembles the look of a fern. Rich gold with an attractive texture. Prune to maintain form. Loose pyramidal form.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gemstone'

Dense and dramatic! Its tightly layered green fans are alive with darker and lighter shades. Plants are so dense that a single specimen can lend extraordinary character.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gemstone'

Dense and dramatic! Its tightly layered green fans are alive with darker and lighter shades. Plants are so dense that a single specimen can lend extraordinary character.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gemstone'

Dense and dramatic! Its tightly layered green fans are alive with darker and lighter shades. Plants are so dense that a single specimen can lend extraordinary character.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gimborn Beauty'

Upright growing evergreen with graceful, arching branches. Young foliage appears a soft blue tone, transitioning into a deeper blue-green as it matures. Grows 6-12 inches per year.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Golden Nymph'

Cheerful yellow cupped foliage and an upright stature define this shrub. The narrow, compact disposition of this plant suggests a sculpture. Foliage darkens to bronze in winter.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis

This is an open-branched, narrow pyramidal conifer with gracefully arching, twisting branchlets and bi-colour deep green tiny needles. Use this shrub to provide an intriguing evergreen texture.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis

This is an open-branched, narrow pyramidal conifer with gracefully arching, twisting branchlets and bi-colour deep green tiny needles. Use this shrub to provide an intriguing evergreen texture.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis

This is an open-branched, narrow pyramidal conifer with gracefully arching, twisting branchlets and bi-colour deep green tiny needles. Use this shrub to provide an intriguing evergreen texture.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis

This is an open-branched, narrow pyramidal conifer with gracefully arching, twisting branchlets and bi-colour deep green tiny needles. Use this shrub to provide an intriguing evergreen texture.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis compacta

Grows 1/2 to 2/3 as fast and large as regular Hinoki Cypress, and wider when young. C. obtusa are native to Japan where they are some of the most popular plants for landscaping and bonsai.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis compacta

Grows 1/2 to 2/3 as fast and large as regular Hinoki Cypress, and wider when young. C. obtusa are native to Japan where they are some of the most popular plants for landscaping and bonsai.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis compacta

Grows 1/2 to 2/3 as fast and large as regular Hinoki Cypress, and wider when young. C. obtusa are native to Japan where they are some of the most popular plants for landscaping and bonsai.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis compacta

Grows 1/2 to 2/3 as fast and large as regular Hinoki Cypress, and wider when young. C. obtusa are native to Japan where they are some of the most popular plants for landscaping and bonsai.

Chamaecyparis obtusa gracilis Topiary

Very unique! This slow growing Hinoki has been topiaried and can be kept this way with regular pruning. Great texture and colour!

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Jane's Jewel'

Slow growing dwarf conifer with soft, fanned foliage. Grows at a rate of 3-5 inches per year. Adds a whimsical touch to containers, small spaces and rock gardens. Evergreen.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Jane's Jewel'

Slow growing dwarf conifer with soft, fanned foliage. Grows at a rate of 3-5 inches per year. Adds a whimsical touch to containers, small spaces and rock gardens. Evergreen.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Just Dandy'

Dark-green, fine textured foilage on a compact, rounded plant. The perfect combination of desirable Hinoki characteristics.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Just Dandy'

Dark-green, fine textured foilage on a compact, rounded plant. The perfect combination of desirable Hinoki characteristics.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Just Dandy'

Dark-green, fine textured foilage on a compact, rounded plant. The perfect combination of desirable Hinoki characteristics.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kamaeni Hiba'

Slender, irregular growth appears in congested tiers on this very old Japanese cultivar. Foliage color is yellow to ochre-green.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kamarashiba'

Yellow spreading Hinoki cypress that grows to 2ft tall. Full Sun to Part Shade.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kosteri'

A dwarf evergreen with conical habit. Foliage is mossy, olive green and turns bronze in winter. Ideal for a rock garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kosteri'

A dwarf evergreen with conical habit. Foliage is mossy, olive green and turns bronze in winter. Ideal for a rock garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Kosteri'

A dwarf evergreen with conical habit. Foliage is mossy, olive green and turns bronze in winter. Ideal for a rock garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Little John'

Irregular, upright Hinoki. Some tight sprays of twisting fans that cup downward and some longer shoots with red stems that reach up and out. Bronze winter tones.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Little Markey'

With a loosely spiralling shape and golden foliage, this striking cypress makes a bright focal point for any garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Lucas

An upright evergreen conifer with fine butter-yellow foliage. Appears delicate but is quite easy to grow. Prefers sun/partial shade in well-drained soil.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Marianne'

Slow growing upright conifer with greenish- yellow foliage. A great rock garden plant. Perfect in a container or a mix planting for colour. Does require some shade.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Mariesii'

Broadly oval shrub form with darkish green evergreen foliage. Nice as a foundation plant. Slowgrowing ornamental.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Maureen'

This selection is a beautiful, compact, lacy green mound and will remain low, spreading in time to be much wider than tall. The rich green foliage adds a delightful texture to this premium new offering. Excellent when featured in a quality container ro in the well-drained rock garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Maureen'

This selection is a beautiful, compact, lacy green mound and will remain low, spreading in time to be much wider than tall. The rich green foliage adds a delightful texture to this premium new offering. Excellent when featured in a quality container ro in the well-drained rock garden.

Chamaecyparis obtusa nana

One of the most diminutive forms of Hinoki cypress. Perfect for rock gardens, troughs or container gardens. Tightly congested dark green foliage forming a tiny mound. Very Slow Growing

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana'

One of the most diminutive forms of Hinoki cypress. Perfect for rock gardens, troughs or container gardens. Tightly congested dark green foliage forming a tiny mound. Very Slow Growing

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana'

One of the most diminutive forms of Hinoki cypress. Perfect for rock gardens, troughs or container gardens. Tightly congested dark green foliage forming a tiny mound. Very Slow Growing

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana'

One of the most diminutive forms of Hinoki cypress. Perfect for rock gardens, troughs or container gardens. Tightly congested dark green foliage forming a tiny mound. Very Slow Growing

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Aurea'

This is a compact cultivar with rich green and gold broadly upright, fan-shaped sprays of foliage and branches.

Chamaecyparis obtusa nana gracilis

This is a compact cultivar with rich green broadly upright, fan shaped sprays of foliage and branches of bi-colour green. This is an excellent rockery or border shrub. Use in containers, too. Own root.

Chamaecyparis obtusa nana gracilis

This is a compact cultivar with rich green broadly upright, fan shaped sprays of foliage and branches of bi-colour green. This is an excellent rockery or border shrub. Use in containers, too. Own root.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Gracilis'

This is a compact cultivar with rich green broadly upright, fan shaped sprays of foliage and branches of bi-colour green. This is an excellent rockery or border shrub. Use in containers, too. Own root stock.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Gracilis'

This is a compact cultivar with rich green broadly upright, fan shaped sprays of foliage and branches of bi-colour green. This is an excellent rockery or border shrub. Use in containers, too. Own root.

Chamaecyparis obtusa nana gracilis STD

This is a compact cultivar with interesting twisted foliage. It is unique and grafted into a tree form to make this topiary a feature in any garden or pot. Slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Lutea'

A dwarf, broadly pyramidal shrub form with bright gold cup-shaped leaves. Excellent for rockery use. Very slow growing 2-3 inches per year.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Lutea'

A dwarf, broadly pyramidal shrub form with bright gold cup-shaped leaves. Excellent for rockery use. Very slow growing 2-3 inches per year.

Chamaecyparis obtusa Split Rock

A slow growing Hinoki, it becomes a choice specimen for a small garden. Dense pyramidal shrub. Foliage is a combination of textures with mature and juvenile blue-green sprays.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Sunny Swirl'

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Thoweil'

Slow growing specimen. Deep green foliage and naturally sculpted narrow upright habit.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Thoweil'

Slow growing specimen. Deep green foliage and naturally sculpted narrow upright habit.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Thoweil'

Slow growing specimen. Deep green foliage and naturally sculpted narrow upright habit.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Thoweil'

Slow growing specimen. Deep green foliage and naturally sculpted narrow upright habit.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Torulosa'

This can be a large, dense broadly conical evergreen tree. Twisting branchlets show off beautifully in any garden setting. Prune to shape, can keep smaller if desired. Slower growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Tsatsumi Gold'

This delightful accent conifer features long, thread-like branchlets which hang loosely to show off reddish stems. Tsatsumi Gold is a useful addition to the rockery, heather bed or garden border.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Verdoni'

A selection of a golden dwarf Hinoki Cypress with fine yellow foliage that does not burn in hot sun. Somewhat contorted in shape. Slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Verdoni'

A selection of a golden dwarf Hinoki Cypress with fine yellow foliage that does not burn in hot sun. Somewhat contorted in shape. Slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Verdoni'

A selection of a golden dwarf Hinoki Cypress with fine yellow foliage that does not burn in hot sun. Somewhat contorted in shape. Slow growing.

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Well's Special'

This cultivar 'Wells Special' stands erect and has dark green foliage. It typically has blunt, paired leaves with 'X' markings underneath. This plant enjoys full sun and moist soil in a cooler climate.

Chamaecyparis pis. 'Cyanoviridis' Topiary

Rich, almost fuzzy-looking steel-blue foliage makes this shrub standout in your garden. Slow growing. As been trained into Pom Pom form, prune to maintain shape.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Blue Moon'

Bright steel blue foliage covers short stiff branches that form a tight compact ball. Requires minimal shearing to maintain its tidy form

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Blue Moon'

Bright steel blue foliage covers short stiff branches that form a tight compact ball. Requires minimal shearing to maintain its tidy form

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Cumulus'

Interesting texture, cloud-like tufts, and dense fuzzy foliage add dimension to your patio container, rock garden, or courtyard

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera'

Long, weeping, threadlike branchlets hang from longer, weeping branches, giving this plant a graceful mounding form. This is a gorgeous specimen when pompommed or pruned.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Filifera Aurea

This plant gives a graceful mound of golden yellow thread-like foliage all season long. Beautiful border plant. May be pruned low, or be allowed to grow large.

Chamaecyparis pisifera filifera 'Golden Charm'

Compact, erect, cone-shaped shrub with bright, golden-yellow new foliage. Excellent mop-headed accent plant that makes nice background border or small hedge. Evergreen. Full sun. Slow grower to 5 to 6 feet tall, 7 to 8 feet wide. Cutting grown.

Chamaecyparis pisifera filifera 'Golden Charm'

Compact, erect, cone-shaped shrub with bright, golden-yellow new foliage. Excellent mop-headed accent plant that makes nice background border or small hedge. Evergreen. Full sun.

Chamaecyparis pisifera filifera 'Golden Charm'

Compact, erect, cone-shaped shrub with bright, golden-yellow new foliage. Excellent mop-headed accent plant that makes nice background border or small hedge. Evergreen. Full sun.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Golden Mop'

Low mounding form with brilliant gold, threadlike foliage. Best colouring occurs in full sun.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Golden Mops'

Low mounding form with brilliant gold, threadlike foliage. Best colouring occurs in full sun.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa Intermedia'

Billowy, irregular form and bluish new growth. Use as focal point, topiary or high interest addition to rock garden, foundation or mixed bed. Use to make outstanding, creative plant sculptures.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'White Pygmy'

Fabulous dwarf conifer. Distinctive for its white-tipped sprays of feathery foliage that create beautifully textured, spherical mounds. A superb, slow growing specimen for rockeries, gravel gardens and containers, needing virtually no maintenance once established.

Cupressocyparis leylandii

This is a vigorous, tall, pyramidal evergreen. It makes an elegant windbreak/screen in sunny locations. Attractive blue-green foliage is displayed in flattened branchlet sprays. Can be trimmed to control size

Cupressocyparis leylandii

This is a vigorous, tall, pyramidal evergreen. It makes an elegant windbreak/screen in sunny locations. Attractive blue-green foliage is displayed in flattened branchlet sprays. Can be trimmed to control size

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Green Rocket'

This is a vigorous, tall, pyramidal evergreen. It makes an elegant windbreak/screen in sunny locations. Attractive dark green foliage is displayed in flattened branchlet sprays. Can be trimmed to control size

Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Green Rocket'

This is a vigorous, tall, pyramidal evergreen. It makes an elegant windbreak/screen in sunny locations. Attractive dark green foliage is displayed in flattened branchlet sprays. Can be trimmed to control size

Cupressus 'Blue Ice'

Compact and cone-shaped, and has unique steely-blue foliage. The small scale-like leaves are dotted with tiny white flecks that actually are resin glands that produce a turpentine fragrance.

Cupressus Arizonica 'Blue Ice'

A conical conifer that has smooth, flaking reddish purple bark and upright, spirally arranged sprays of scalelike, aromatic, glaucous blue-gray leaves/needles that are flecked with white resin.

Cupressus glabra 'Blue Ice'

A conical conifer that has smooth, flaking reddish purple bark and upright, spirally arranged sprays of scalelike, aromatic, glaucous blue-gray leaves/needles that are flecked with white resin.

Cupressus glabra 'Sulphurea'

This colourful conifer has blue-green foliage with golden shading on the edges, providing a slight halo effect.

Cupressus mac 'Donard Gold'

Distinctive, two-tone yellow foliage. Chartreuse new growth surrounds radiant, lemon-yellow inner foliage, and both stand out against reddish, cinnamon bark. Upright branches produce a narrow form. Citrus scent.

Cupressus macrocarpa 'Goldcrest'

This artistic, beautiful evergreen makes an excellent container specimen and is popular for topiary! It forms a slender column of golden lemon scented needles. Salt tolerant. Nice border specimen.

Cupressus macrocarpa 'Goldcrest'

This artistic, beautiful evergreen makes an excellent container specimen and is popular for topiary! It forms a slender column of golden lemon scented needles. Salt tolerant. Nice border specimen.

Cupressus macrocarpa 'Wilma Goldcrest'

GREAT COLOUR & FRAGRANCE! GREAT FOR POTS! Needs to be in sheltered location, not reliably hardy.

Cupressus semp 'Swanes Golden'

Very narrow, columnar form with magnificent bright, golden yellow new growth that retains its color throughout the season. Great evergreen screen, windbreak, or large hedge.

Cupressus semp 'Tiny Tower'

The perfect compact Italian cypress that retains its small size indefinitely. Exceptionally dense, blue-green foliage on a rigid, columnar form is a valuable architectural accent both in the summer and under winter snow. Full sun. Very slow growth to just 8 feet tall and 2 feet wide in first decade, then 25 or 30 feet tall, and to 3 feet wide at maturity.

Cupressus sempervirens glauca

An outstanding conifer with handsome blue-green foliage. Monrovia's superior strain of this classic evergreen offers a stronger blue coloration over others. An ideal specimen to dominate a landscape with its densely branched, narrow, columnar form.

Cupressus sempervirens 'Monshel'

This is a compact conifer with dense, blue-green foliage. It grows to a narrow, columnar form with little need for pruning & is well-suited to topiaries, containers or small garden beds.

Cupressus sempervirens 'Worthiana'

Extremely narrow cypress with bright golden-yellow foliage.

Taxodium distichum

A native conifer of the SE of the United States. Branches are mostly horizontal with a medium fine to airy texture.

Taxodium distichum Peve Minaret

A naturally dwarf tree selected in the Netherlands, this selection forms a dense, compact spire with soft, rich-green foliage. Foliage changes to attractive red-brown in autumn. Plants respond well to pruning.

Taxodium distichum 'Skyward'

Soft, green foliage is delightful to touch. These feathery needles turn to a copper hue in fall. Great for smaller gardens with upward facing branches.