How to Grow Apricot Trees

Introduction to Apricots

Apricot trees, scientifically known as Prunus armeniaca, are beautiful and productive fruit trees that are cherished for their delicious and aromatic fruits. These trees belong to the Rosaceae family and are native to regions of Central Asia. With their stunning blossoms, attractive foliage, and mouthwatering fruits, apricot trees are a delightful addition to any garden or orchard.

Apricot trees are small to medium-sized, reaching heights of around 15 to 25 feet, making them suitable for both large and small spaces. They have a spreading growth habit, with branches that form a rounded canopy. The leaves are oval-shaped, glossy, and dark green, providing an appealing backdrop to the vibrant fruits and blossoms.

One of the most captivating aspects of apricot trees is their stunning display of blossoms in early spring. The flowers are typically white or pale pink, and they cover the branches in a breathtaking spectacle. These blossoms not only add beauty to the landscape but also attract pollinators, such as bees, which are essential for fruit production.

Apricot trees produce small to medium-sized fruits with a smooth, velvety skin. The fruits are typically golden-orange in color, although some varieties may have a blush of red. Apricots are known for their sweet and juicy flesh, which has a delightful balance of tartness. They are often enjoyed fresh, but they can also be used in a variety of culinary creations, including jams, pies, and preserves.

When it comes to growing apricot trees, they thrive in regions with a Mediterranean climate, characterized by mild winters and warm summers. They require full sun exposure and well-drained soil. Apricot trees are self-fertile, meaning they can produce fruit without cross-pollination from another tree. However, having multiple trees nearby can increase fruit set and yield.

While apricot trees are generally hardy, they may be susceptible to certain pests and diseases, such as aphids, brown rot, and bacterial canker. Regular monitoring, proper pruning, and appropriate pest and disease management practices can help maintain the health and productivity of the trees.

Whether you're a fruit enthusiast, a lover of beautiful blossoms, or simply looking to add a fruitful tree to your garden, apricot trees are an excellent choice. With their stunning blossoms, attractive foliage, and delectable fruits, these trees are sure to bring joy and abundance to any gardener or orchardist.

 

Apricot Pruning

Pruning an apricot tree is an essential part of its care and maintenance. Proper pruning helps promote healthy growth, maintain a desirable shape, and improve fruit production. Here are some steps to guide you through the process:

Timing: The best time to prune an apricot tree is during late winter or early spring, before new growth begins. Pruning during this dormant period helps minimize stress on the tree and allows for better healing.

Remove dead or diseased branches: Start by inspecting the tree for any dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Use clean and sharp pruning shears or loppers to cut these branches back to the main trunk or a healthy lateral branch. Removing these branches helps improve the overall health and appearance of the tree.

Thin out crowded branches: Apricot trees can develop dense foliage, which can hinder air circulation and sunlight penetration. To promote better airflow and light distribution, selectively remove some of the crowded branches. Aim to maintain an open and balanced canopy.

Prune for shape and size: If your apricot tree is growing too tall or wide, you can prune it to control its size and shape. Trim back the branches to the desired height and width, keeping in mind the natural form of the tree. Avoid excessive pruning, as it can reduce fruit production.

Remove water sprouts and suckers: Apricot trees may produce water sprouts (vigorous vertical shoots) and suckers (shoots emerging from the base of the tree). These should be pruned to maintain a clean and tidy appearance. Cut them back to the base or main branch.

Prune for fruit production: Apricot trees bear fruit on one-year-old wood. To encourage fruiting, selectively prune branches that are older and less productive. Remove any branches that are crossing or rubbing against each other.

Clean up and dispose of pruned branches: Once you have finished pruning, gather and remove the pruned branches from the area. Properly dispose of them to prevent the spread of diseases or pests.

Remember to use clean and sharp pruning tools to make clean cuts. It's also a good idea to sanitize your tools before and after pruning to prevent the spread of diseases.

 

Apricot Fertilizing

Fertilizing apricot trees is crucial for promoting robust growth and optimal fruit production. Here's a concise guide on the key steps:

Firstly, apply fertilizer in late winter or early spring to coincide with the tree's dormancy break, ensuring essential nutrients are available for bud development and early growth. Choose a balanced fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a 10-10-10 or 14-14-14 blend, supplemented with micronutrients like iron, zinc, and manganese. We carry a great selection of fruit tree fertilizers so if you need a hand picking one, stop by and we can recommend you something fitting. 

Determine the appropriate amount based on the tree's age and size. Young trees benefit from 1/4 to 1/2 pound of actual nitrogen annually, while mature trees require 1 to 2 pounds. Spread the fertilizer evenly within the drip line, avoiding direct contact with the trunk to prevent root burn.

After fertilizing, water the tree thoroughly to facilitate nutrient absorption without waterlogging the soil. Mulch the base with organic material, such as wood chips or straw, to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.

For mature apricot trees, consider a split fertilizer application in late winter or early spring and late spring or early summer. Monitor the tree's overall health, adjusting the fertilization routine if nutrient deficiencies or excessive growth are observed. Periodic soil testing helps assess nutrient levels, allowing for adjustments to maintain balanced nutrition.

It's essential to avoid over-fertilizing, emphasizing adherence to recommended guidelines and adapting practices to suit the specific needs of the apricot tree and soil.
 

Apricot Pollination

Apricots are inconsistent in their fruiting. If your crop size varies from year to year, this probably due to inconsistent pollination. Almost all apricot trees are self-pollinating. This means that pollen can move from one flower to another on the same tree. As a result, only one tree is needed to produce fruit. However, it is important that the flowers open at the same time. To maximize your fruit yield, plant more than one apricot tree in the area
 

Apricot Care & Maintenance

This is a collection of the most common problems or threats to your delicious fruits!

Pest Control: Monitor for common pests such as aphids, scale, and borers. Apply a dormant oil / lime sulphur spray in late winter to early spring, before new growth emerges.

Disease Prevention: Apply fungicides as a preventive measure, especially during the growing season, to protect against diseases like brown rot. Ensure good air circulation by proper pruning to reduce the risk of fungal infections.

Thinning Fruit: Thin excess fruit during the growing season to promote larger, healthier fruits. Aim for a spacing of 4 to 6 inches between fruits.

Protecting Blossoms from Late Frosts: Cover the tree with frost cloth or burlap if late spring frosts are expected to protect blossoms from potential damage.

Support for Branches: Provide support for heavy branches, especially when the tree is bearing a significant fruit load, to prevent breakage.

Soil Testing: Periodically test the soil to assess nutrient levels and adjust fertilization accordingly.

Inspecting for Signs of Stress: Regularly inspect the tree for signs of stress, such as wilting or discoloration, and address issues promptly.

Winter Protection: Wrap the lower trunk with tree wrap to prevent sunscald during winter. Consider using windbreaks in windy areas to protect the tree from winter desiccation.  This is also a great time to mulch your tree as this will help insolate it. 
 

Planting Location

Common Apricot Varieties

A few of the most popular apricot varieties include:

'Blenheim': Blenheim apricots are highly regarded for their exceptional flavor and sweetness. They have a vibrant orange skin with a slight blush and juicy, aromatic flesh. This variety is often used for fresh eating, canning, and drying.

'Goldcot': Goldcot apricots are known for their early ripening and abundant fruit production. The fruits have a golden-orange skin and firm, sweet flesh. They are excellent for fresh consumption and canning.

'Moorpark': Moorpark apricots are prized for their large size and rich, tangy flavor. The fruits have a deep orange skin with a reddish blush and juicy, tender flesh. They are ideal for eating fresh, baking, and preserving.

'Tilton': Tilton apricots are popular for their high sugar content and intense flavor. The fruits have a bright orange skin and firm, juicy flesh. They are excellent for fresh eating, drying, and making jams and jellies.

'Harcot': Harcot apricots are known for their exceptional flavor and juicy texture. The fruits have a golden-orange skin and sweet, aromatic flesh. They are versatile and can be enjoyed fresh, dried, or used in various culinary applications.

'Perfection': Perfection apricots are prized for their large size and excellent flavor. The fruits have a deep orange skin with a reddish blush and juicy, sweet flesh. They are perfect for fresh eating and canning.

'Chinese': Chinese apricots are highly regarded for their early ripening and abundant fruit production. The fruits have a bright orange skin and sweet, juicy flesh. They are versatile and can be used for fresh consumption, drying, and cooking.

'Tomcot': Tomcot apricots are known for their exceptional flavor and firm, juicy texture. The fruits have a vibrant orange skin and sweet, tangy flesh. They are excellent for fresh eating, drying, and making preserves.

'Royal': Royal apricots are prized for their large size and rich, sweet flavor. The fruits have a deep orange skin and tender, juicy flesh. They are ideal for fresh consumption, baking, and canning.