Bamboo plants are members of the grass family and as such will benefit from a regular feeding. Treat them to any evergreen, grass or balanced fertilizer in early spring and perhaps again in late spring or early summer.
If you plant leaves start to yellow, it could be a sign that they need to be fed.
They are a vigorous plant and do enjoy the extra feeding. Do not fertilize after July otherwise tender new growth can be zapped by early Fall frosts.